ICT Practices and Uses in Teacher Education: Learning from the Experiences of Trainee-Teachers with SEN and Disabilities
Author(s):
Yota Dimitriadi (presenting / submitting)
Conference:
ECER 2014
Format:
Paper

Session Information

10 SES 07 C, ICT in Teacher Education Research

Paper Session

Time:
2014-09-03
17:15-18:45
Room:
B226 Sala de Aulas
Chair:
Rasa Nedzinskaitė

Contribution

The aim of this exploratory research was to investigate disabled trainee-teachers’[i] experiences of digital technology uses during their training years. The three objectives of the project were:

  • to find out ways in which digital technologies can support trainee-teachers with disabilities in the context of their school experience blocks and university-based training;
  • to explore issues around the implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) as personal support tools and teaching resources;
  • to discuss points emerging from the integration of these technologies on institutional structures and cultures of teaching and learning.
The interpretive frameworks of Actor Network Theory (ANT) (Bijker 1999; Law and Hassard 1999) informed the study and provided the platform to explore the interactions between technologies, human participants and their related activities and negotiations. In ANT engagement in the social processes of a community, such as the student-teachers’ training course and school placements, and use of its artefacts, such as digital technologies, shape both the learners/participants as well as the objects themselves.

Features of digital technologies that can support inclusive practices in HE have been identified in the relevant literature (Riddell et al 2005, Seale 2006a), sometimes after consultation with the disabled students themselves (Tinklin and Hall 1999, Holloway 2001, Fuller et al 2004). References to digital technologies in these projects include the importance of accessible design of resources, flexible use of technology and conceptualisation of disability from a socio-cultural rather than a medical perspective. However, in most of these case studies discussion about ICT uses constitutes only a minor part of the student experience and is not the main focus of the study. In addition, in these discussions ICTs are described solely as tools rather than as dynamic and active entities that influence networks of interactions. The power relationships between the participating actors: teacher training institutions, schools and individual trainees with disabilities materialised by ICTs uses, uses which are dynamic and developmental, are not discussed as an interconnected web of interactions which shape social activities, experiences, policies as well as participation in the community life.


[i] [i] The terms ‘disabled trainee-teachers’ and ‘trainee-teachers with disabilities’ are used interchangeably in the text. They are both intended to acknowledge the power relationships involved in the construction of identities and recognise ‘the understanding that disability is a form of social oppression’ (Kelly 2005: 262).


Method

The project consists of a series of small-scale case studies involving seven trainees with disabilities in one HE institution. All of them were invited to participate in writing and ethical approval was gained from the university Ethics committee. Ethical issues that influence participation and use of research data were considered and agreed with the participants themselves. They had the option to withdraw from the study at any time and were informed that their anonymity would be guarded by use of a self-chosen pseudonym in the final publication. Review of the literature highlighted issues of participation experienced by disabled students in HE (Tinklin and Hall 1999) and some of the complex issues around the implementation, management and use of digital technologies (Seale 2006a). This information helped the development of the initial questionnaire and the follow up interview questions which were piloted with one disability officer at one Higher Education Institution. Questionnaires were used to gain access to the research questions. The participants were invited to opt in for an interview to elaborate on their responses, which they all chose to do. Individual semi-structured interviews enabled each trainee to give accounts of their personal experiences. While the findings cannot claim to have a wide applicability, the issues raised may be relevant to other disabled students and higher education institutions. Core categories were developed during the pilot phase. However, the trainees’ responses also influenced the final coding of the data. The students received transcribed copies of their interviews for their comments and feedback, in order to ensure that they felt comfortable with the information that had been included. Seale, J. (2006a) Disability, technology and e-learning: challenging conceptions. ALT-J, Research in Learning Technology, 14 (1), 1-8 Tinklin, T. and Hall, J. (1999) Getting round obstacles: disabled students' experiences in higher education in Scotland. Studies in Higher Education, 24 (2), 183-194

Expected Outcomes

This project, despite limitations it may present within the remit of the qualitative case study field, reinforces the idea supported by the Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA 2000) that awareness of policy changes in HE cannot be confined to disability specialists. Academic, support staff and others directly responsible for student learning need to familiarise themselves further with priorities on disability issues and collaborate further to improve the quality of learning experiences for these students, influence attitudes and organise resources at an institutional level. While digital technologies can support a smooth transition to teacher training for a number of student-teachers with SEN or disabilities, their self-perceptions of their disability shape the use of resources. The introduction of new and exciting mobile devices such as tablets has made the use of assistive technologies easier for trainees who were worried about being singled out in the classroom or being ‘caught out’ by pupils or other adults in the classroom. However, students’ perceptions of appropriate ICT resources can be sometimes limited favouring mainly resources suggested by peers or disability officers rather than exploring resources that can offer specific help to the individual. In addition, inclusive practice seems to be compartmentalised in the different spheres of work (school experience blocks) and study (university modules) that these students inhabit rather than being co-ordinated holistically. Even if the use of ICTs as personal support tools is encouraged by tutors and mentors, there seems to be the need for more explicit training of how technologies (including assistive digital resources) can be used within the classroom. Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (2006) Code of Practice for the Assurance of Academic Quality and Standards in Higher Education (Gloucester: QAA) [online]. Available from: http://www.qaa.ac.uk/academicinfrastructure/codeOfPractice/section4/COP_external.pdf [Accessed 10 January 2014]

References

Bijker, WE (1999) Of bicycles, bakelites and bulbs. Towards a theory of sociotechnical change. Cambridge MA: MIT Press Fuller, M, Bradley, A, Healey, M and Hall, T (2004) Barriers to learning: a systematic study of the experience of disabled students in one university. Studies in Higher Education, 29 (3), 303-318 Fox, S (2000) Communities Of Practice, Foucault And Actor-Network Theory. Journal of Management Studies, 37(6), 853-868 Holloway, S (2001) The experience of higher education from the perspective of disabled students. Disability & Society, 16 (4), 597–615 Kelly, B (2005) ‘Chocolate … makes you autism’: impairment, disability and childhood identities’. Disability & Society, 20 (3), 261–275 Law, J and Hassard, J (eds) Actor Network Theory and after. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (2006) Code of Practice for the Assurance of Academic Quality and Standards in Higher Education (Gloucester: QAA) [online]. Available from: http://www.qaa.ac.uk/Publications/InformationAndGuidance/Documents/COP_AOS.pdf [Accessed 1 June 2006] Pumfrey, P (1998) Reforming policy and provision for dyslexic students in higher education: towards a national code of practice.Support for Learning, 13(2), 87-90 Ridell, S, Tinklin, T and Wilson, A (2005) Disabled students in higher education. London: RoutledgeFalmer Seale, J (2006a) Disability, technology and e-learning: challenging conceptions. ALT-J, Research in Learning Technology, 14 (1), 1-8 Seale, J (2006b) E-Learning and disability in Higher Education. Accessibility research and practice. Oxon: Routledge Tinklin, T and Hall, J (1999) Getting round obstacles: disabled students' experiences in higher education in Scotland. Studies in Higher Education, 24 (2), 183-194

Author Information

Yota Dimitriadi (presenting / submitting)
UNIVERSITY YOF READING
EDUCATION
READING

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